https://scholar.ptuk.edu.ps/handle/123456789/27 Mon, 17 Aug 2026 02:09:30 GMT 2026-08-17T02:09:30Z https://scholar.ptuk.edu.ps/handle/123456789/919 Title: الأنماط الميسرة للتغيير لدى مديري ومديرات المدارس الحكومية في محافظة جنين من وجهة نظرهم ووجهة نظر معلميهم Authors: Rabiah, Maram; Iter, Nuha Abstract: هدفت الدّراسة الكشف عن الأنماط الميسرة للتغيير لدى مديري المدارس الحكوميّة ومديراتها في محافظة جنين من وجهة نظرهم ووجهة نظر معلّميهم، استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، وتكوّن مجتمع الدّراسة من جميع مديري المدارس الحكوميّة ومديراتها في محافظة جنين، والبالغ عددهم (244) مدرسة، واختيرت عيّنة طبقّيّة قوامها (68) مدرسة حكوميّة، استخدمت استبانة تم ترجمتها ومواءمتها من الدراسات الأجنبية، وتك ّونت الاستبانة من(30) فقرة موزّعة على الانماط الميسرة للتغيير. وقد ت ّم التحقق من صدقها وثباتها واتساق الأداء على فقراتها بقيمة 0.74. توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج من أبرزها:(71%) من مديري ومديرات المدارس الحكوميّة في محافظة جنين يمارسون الأنماط الميسرة للتغيير عند تطبيق التغيير. 1.حصل نمط الفاعل إداريّاً أعلى درجة ممارسة بنسبة (%71)؛ بينما نمط المنفّذ أّولا بأوّل فأقلها ممارسة بنسبة (%33)؛ 2. وجود فروق ذات دلالة معنوية، في درجة ممارسة مديري ومديرات المدارس الحكومية للأنماط الميسرة للتغيير؛ تعزى: لمتغير المؤهل العلمي على نمطي الواثق بالآخرين، والمنفذ أولاا بأول ولصالح حملة الشهادات الدراسية العليا؛ ولمتغير مستوى المدرسة على نمطي الاجتماعي غير الرسمي، والمخطط صاحب الرؤى ولصالح مديري المدارس الأساسية؛ ولمتغير المشاركة في برنامج دبلوم القيادة المدرسية على نمط المنفذ أولاا بأول، ولصالح المشاركين ببرنامج القيادة المدرسية في ضوْ النتائج أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تبني الوزارة لدورات حول الأنماط الميسرة للتّغيير لمديري المدارس، وإجراء دراسات حول هذا الموضوع لندرتها. Sun, 22 Sep 2019 00:00:00 GMT https://scholar.ptuk.edu.ps/handle/123456789/919 2019-09-22T00:00:00Z https://scholar.ptuk.edu.ps/handle/123456789/795 Title: Natural Induction of Potato Crop Resistance by Plant Essential Oil Elicitors to Control Green Peach Aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) Authors: Abu-Alfayah, Ru`ya Abstract: Potato, Solanum tuberosum L., (Solanaceae) is one of the essential basic food crops worldwide. It has been attacked by many insect pests, such as aphids Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). This research amid to use plant essential oil elicitors to improve the controlling method of the green peach aphid M. persicae. In this study, different essential oils (EO) from medicinal plants were tested against M. persicae. Assessment of their potential role in inducing plant resistance pathways on potato „Sponta” cultivar was studied. Measuring two common enzymes indicators such as guaiacol Peroxidase (POX) and Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) expressed in plants post-physical or chemical injury. The Electrical Penetration Graph (EPG) was also used to monitor changes in aphid behaviors. The impact of the EO on aphid feeding behavior XXII was monitored and recorded for 8 hrs post-treatment. The effect of the medicinal plants' oil on the aphid mortality was carried out and measured in vitro Results showed that 60% of the essential oil extracts have insecticidal activity against M.persica. Results also revealed that some EO have significantly increased the level of POX or PPO, and insect behavior compared to the control. Mustard, Sage, Jojoba, Eucalyptus, Bitter cucumber, Camphor, and Rosemary oil have natural induction in potato. Camphor, Sage, Pomegranate, and Bittercucumber caused a disturbance in GPA settling behavior and prolong searching for a feeding site. Mustard, Eucalyptus, and Sage resulted in delaying drop potential associated with non-persistent and semi-persistent. Lavender, Eucalyptus, and Mustard caused a delay in sieve element behavior associated with persistent virus transmission. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT https://scholar.ptuk.edu.ps/handle/123456789/795 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z https://scholar.ptuk.edu.ps/handle/123456789/794 Title: Sensing Botrytis cinerea in Tomato Using Visible/Near-Infrared (VIS/NIR) Spectroscopy Authors: Najjar, Khadija Abstract: Gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea is considered one of the most common diseases that affect tomato fruits and cause economic losses; early detection of the disease can reduce 50% of the losses and increase food security. Therefore, this study aimed to employ the visible/near-infrared (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy to sense the presence of gray mold on tomato fruits in the early stages. Identify of B. cinerea was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, 30 homogeneous tomato samples were collected from three different varieties, i.e. Harver, Izmer and Ekram, 20 samples from each variety were injected with the pathogen and 10 samples from each variety were left as a control and were measured using the VIS/NIR spectroscopy daily for five days. Spectral data acquired from the VIS/NIR spectroscopy, with a range of 550-1100 nm, were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). It was found that the PCA on the second day after injection was able to distinguish completely between infected and healthy samples before symptoms appeared, also two PCs for VIS/NIR region explained approximately 99% of the total variance in the third and fourth day. Moreover, two PCs explained 98% of the total variance for PCA that applied for the average of infected samples for all days. The PCA results showed the ability of VIS/NIR spectroscopy to detect latent infections in tomato fruits as well as the early sensing of B. cinerea. Furthermore, when observing the infected samples from these varieties to detect which are resistant to gray mold disease, it was found that all of these varieties were sensitive to the disease. Mon, 01 Jun 2020 00:00:00 GMT https://scholar.ptuk.edu.ps/handle/123456789/794 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z https://scholar.ptuk.edu.ps/handle/123456789/780 Title: The Role of Intrapreneurship in Improving the Strategic Capabilities of the Banks Sector Authors: Qubbaj, Ihab Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the role of an Intrapreneurship in its organizational and individual aspects in improving the strategic capabilities of the Banks sector. To achieve this aim, the researcher made use of the theoretical literature, which paid attention or dealt with the topics of this study. Moreover the researcher depended on the descriptive approach in displaying the data and the analytical approach in analyzing the results of this study. The population of the study included the Palestinian national banks working in the west bank and listed in the Palestine exchange and they are seven. The sampling unit which consisted of (200) employees who work as chairpersons or above that. A questionnaire was developed of (68) items to collect the data. The apparent validity of the questionnaire was achieved by distributing it to (16) referees, it is reliability has reached (0.956). The questionnaire was distributed to employees, one hundred and seventy –one questionnaires were fit to be analyzed, the percentage of the response was (81%), and this percentage is considered good for the purposes of the scientific research. In the light of this percentage, the researcher has analyzed the data and tested the hypotheses of the study using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). After carrying out the numerous statistical analyses such as frequencies, means, percentages, alpha-factor(ά), standard deviations, and testing the hypotheses using the analysis of the simple regression, multiple regression and stepwise multiple regression, the study has reached number of results, as the following: 1. The subjects of the study believe that the aspects of intrapreneurship are available in the Palestinian national banks in a moderate degree and doesn't reach the idea of availability. 2. The Palestinian national banks according to the subject's point of view have powerful combination of the strategic capabilities and the market linking capabilities come first. 3. There was a significant statistical effect at level of significance (α =0.05) for the organizational and individual aspects of intrapreneurship on improving the strategic capabilities of the Palestinian national banks. However this effect differs because of the different aspects of intrapreneurship. Specifically speaking, the results have shown that there was a significant statistical effect of significance (α = 0.05) of the managerial support dimension only on (a) improving marketing and (b) information technology capabilities of the Palestinian national banks sector, while there was a significant effect for the intrapreneurial climate and managerial support dimensions respectively on improving the market linking capabilities. The results have also shown that there was a significant effect for the dimensions of managerial support, proactive personality and intrapreneurial climate respectively on improving banking technological capabilities. Whereas results have shown that there was a statistical effect for both the managerial support and work autonomy on improving the managerial capabilities, although the results have shown that there was a significant effect for both managerial support and proactive personality dimensions on improving knowledge capabilities. Finally, results have shown that there was a significant effect for both managerial support and intrapreneurial climate dimensions on improving innovative capabilities of the Palestinian national banks sector. In light of the above–mentioned results, the researcher proposes the following recommendations: 1. The management of Palestinian national banks must develop and adopt policies and practices which aim at enhancing employees' intrapreneurial behaviorsuch as: a) Giving employees broader margin of freedom to try new work methods. b) Enhancing tolerance of top management regarding employees' failure that may result due to trial of new work methods and ideas. c) Protecting proactive employees and rewarding their good intrapreneurial efforts and actions. d) Motivating employees to develop new ideas and supporting them in trying them out. e) Providing employees with necessary and adequate resources to carry out their ideas and turning tested ideas into viable projects. 2. The management of Palestinian national banks must work diligently to enhance aspects of organizational and individual intrapreneurship in order to unleash employees' innovative initiatives that will eventually preserve and improve innovative capabilities of the banks. 3. The management of Palestinian national banks must exert all efforts of their strategic capabilities to fit the needs of their current and prospective customers, which will be embodied in the diversification of banking services. Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT https://scholar.ptuk.edu.ps/handle/123456789/780 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z